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Xuan An communal house |
Location: Binh Thuan, Vietnam |
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Xuan An communal house was built in 1794 and completed in the next years. It has been located at Xuan An hamlet, Cho Lau town, Bac Binh district, 65 km North of Phan Thiet city.
Xuan An communal house is an overall consisting of many architectures:
the main one for worshiping Gods, the one for worshiping Tien Hien (the
people who got their merit and contribution in building it firstly),
the one for worshiping Hau Hien (those who got their merit later), the
front house for visitors, the meeting house and a three - door gate.
For over 300 previous years, in the North, the Middle and the South
under the management of Nguyen Vice Kings, one part of inhabitants
stopped their feet in this land area to settle. After the work of
barrening lands had been completed and the people's lives had become
stable, the communal house was built according to the Vietnamese
tradition for worshiping the village's Tutelary God and the Fore
fathers who had merits in building the village and their contribution
to erect the communal house.
The ancient geographic considered the land to choose the standing
position for the communal house according to the ancient oriental
theory of geomancy (the science of winds and waters), because this is a
very important and significant thing with very great influence on the
villagers' lives later. The communal house was built in the centre of
Xuan An village, with its main side facing toward the southern
direction; not far away from it in the South is the rive Luy; in front
of it there are several high sand caverns used as wind stops.
Xuan An communal house is one of the ancient ones with its large scale
and unique original art architectural style. The house for worshiping
the God consists of 48 big poles made of special wood sorts, dividing
this communal house into 7 compartments and 2 wings. This communal
house has got the architectural style of "double house" with 2 house
frames on one base, the front house and the back one linking and
connecting with each other by the system of ceiling with curved roofs
making the communal house larger. Its roof has been tiled upwards and
backwards with two ends slightly higher and the middle lower. This roof
has been divided into 2 parts: the upper and the lower. All of its
chitectural combining parts such as rafter ends, pillar ends, middle
bar poles, screw jacks etc... have been carved skillfully; creating
complicated art decoration works. Here there has been harmonious
combination between the architectural structure and fine art
decoration, both force - bearing use and very high aesthetic effect;
these are the building workers' main values left until now.
The communal house's interior has been divided into many sections with
the central one for worshiping the village's Tutelary God, the two
sides for worshiping the Left and the Right Groups and the Forefathers
having their merits and contribution in constructing their village. The
special thing in Xuan An communal house is the shrine for worshiping
the Goddess Thien YaNa Dien Ngoc Phi (the Cham's Goddess) - beside the
shrine for worshiping the God. Each shrine has been decorated and
sculptured in art with the system of horizontal boards inscribed with
Chinese characters, balustrades, parallel scrolls red - lacquered and
trimmed with gold and its sight wall bordered by the sculpturing
technique. In this communal house, there are also lots of couplets,
parallel scrolls and horizontal boards inscribed with ancient figure
Square characters whose contents and meanings have not been known yet
until now.
The communal house for worshiping "Tien Hien" also has the structure of
48 poles but only one roof; here there are several shrines for
worshiping the generations of Tien Hien, Hau Hien.
Xuan An communal house now still has preserved hundreds of horizontal
boards inscribed with Chinese characters, couplets with a lot of humane
values, which advise everyone to remember his origin and ancestors all
the time.
In this communal house, they have still kept its ancient Great Bell of
the epoch in King Tu Du the second's time (Ky Dau 1849) and 8
nominations offered to the Gods worshiped in the communal house by
Nguyen Dynasty' s Kings and now they have been preserved and worshiped
by the local authority and people. According to the Vietnamese
tradition and customs, here every year the local people carry out the
rituals of Spring offering sacrifices on the 16th and 17th of Lunar
February and the rituals of Autumn one on the 16th and 17th of Lunar
August.
Xuan An communal house was classified as the National Art -
Architectural place of historical interest in 1993 by the Government.
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